周昭宇,刘蔚,付艳艳,于庆河,米菁,郝雷

• 1:有研工程技术研究院有限公司新能源与生态环境材料事业部
• 2:中国有研科技集团有限公司国家有色金属新能源材料与制品工程技术研究中心
• 3:北京有色金属研究总院

摘要(Abstract)：

气体扩散层作为质子交换膜(PEM)电解槽中的关键材料,起到了传输电子以及气液传输的作用。但是因为阳极区长时间处于酸性、富氧且高电位的工况之中,使得阳极气体扩散层的力学性能和化学稳定性面临更高要求。目前,市面上的阳极扩散层大多采用由纯钛丝烧结制备的钛毡,存在着加工过程中钛丝力学性能不足发生脆断且耐蚀性较差等问题。本文通过在纯钛中添加铌(Nb)元素优化合金成分,对合金进行多道次热轧处理,探究其微观组织演变与室温延展性和耐蚀性的变化规律。结果表明,在纯钛(Ti)中添加少量的Nb元素,经过800℃热轧后退火,其组织结构为纯α-Ti相,可以明显提高纯钛的室温延展性和耐腐蚀性。当Nb元素的添加量为1.5%(质量分数)时,合金的断后延伸率提升至67.5%,高于工业纯钛(TA1)的断后延伸率36%,晶粒明显细化,主要织构类型演变为■,织构的演变激活了基面滑移和锥面滑移,提升了合金的室温塑性。当Nb元素的添加量为2%时,合金的晶粒进一步细化,合金的断后延伸率降低为38.5%,主要织构类型演变为■,织构的演变抑制了二阶锥面滑移,导致合金的室温塑性下降。随着合金中Nb元素含量的上升(0～2%),合金的电化学容抗弧半径逐渐增大,耐腐蚀性逐渐增强,表面拟合电阻由1.27 kΩ·cm~(-2)逐渐增加到4.01 kΩ·cm~(-2)。

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