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This study took Ti-5Cu alloy smelted by the electron beam cold hearth melting furnace (EB furnace) as the research object.Hot-rolled plates were prepared by directly rolling the initial plates after heating.The effects of different rolling temperatures (800,860,and 910℃)on the microstructure transformation and mechanical properties of Ti-5Cu alloy plates were investigated.Optical microscopy(OM),X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD),and tensile tests were employed to analyze the influence of different rolling temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-5Cu alloy plates.XRD test results revealed that Ti_2Cu peaks were not prominent at 800 and 860℃，whereas they were clearly observable at 910℃.This indicated that a greater amount of Ti_2Cu precipitated at high temperatures,leading to a higher degree of crystallinity.Under the optical microscope,the initial plate was found to be mainly composed of lamellar phases (α and β phases).Distinct grain boundaries were present between the grains.After rolling at 800℃，the grains were refined and elongated in different directions.Both large and small grains coexisted,indicating incomplete deformation.When the rolling temperature was increased to 860℃，the grains became finer and elongated more significantly in the same direction compared to those at 800℃.At 910℃，the grains exhibited a basket-weave morphology,with the α and β phases distributed alternately.The grains were uniform in thickness and neatly arranged.EBSD tests on plates at different temperatures demonstrated that as the rolling temperature rose,the crystal orientation of the plates gradually changed from the ■direction to the ■direction.The average grain size increased from 20.07µm at 800℃to 32.73µm at 910℃.The proportion of low-angle grain boundaries rose from 19.7%at 800℃to 27%at 860℃and then decreased to 4.5%at 910℃.This phenomenon could be attributed to the fact that at higher temperatures,the recrystallization time of grains was longer,and they acquired more energy,resulting in grain growth.Meanwhile,the high-angle grain boundaries formed in new grains tended to engulf the low-angle grain boundaries.The tensile strength and reduction of area of Ti-5Cu alloy plates also showed significant variations with temperature.The tensile strength increased from 739.4 MPa at 800℃to 836.6 MPa at 860℃but decreased to 538.3 MPa at 910℃.Similarly,the elongation after fracture increased from 7.32%at 800℃to 9.42%at 860℃and then dropped to 6.14%at 910℃.Generally,these properties first increased and then decreased.At lower temperatures,work hardening enhanced the material's strength,but recrystallization was insufficient,resulting in high strength and low plasticity.At higher temperatures,the comprehensive properties reached an optimal level due to the increase in the number of recrystallized grains and work hardening.The Vickers hardness of Ti-5Cu alloy plates increased continuously with temperature,rising from HV 316.5 at 800℃to HV 332.4 at 860℃and reaching HV 364.3 at910℃.This was likely due to work hardening,fine-grain strengthening,and second-phase strengthening.The fracture characteristics also changed with temperature.At 800℃，the fracture exhibited mixed features with relatively shallow dimples and distinct tear ridges.At 860℃，it transformed into ductile fracture with deep and evenly distributed dimples.Finally,at 910℃，brittle fracture with cleavage steps and large tear ridges appeared.At lower temperatures,stress concentration caused by rolling in some areas leaded to cracks and partial brittle fracture.At high temperatures,the precipitation and growth of Ti_2Cu might cause it to transform from a strengthening phase to a brittle phase,resulting in brittle fracture at the precipitation phase positions.Comprehensive analysis indicated that the appropriate hot rolling temperature for Ti-5Cu alloy plates was around 860℃.At this temperature,the tensile strength (Rm),yield strength (Rp0.2),and elongation after fracture (A) were 836.6 MPa,749.5 MPa,and 9.42%,respectively.
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Basic Information:
DOI：10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY25030003
China Classification Code:TG146.23;TG339
Citation Information:
[1]Zhang Junhong,He Yongdong,Yue Xu.Hot Rolling Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of Ti-5Cu Alloy[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2026,50(05):690-700.DOI:10.13373/j.cnki.cjrm.XY25030003.
Fund Information:
国家自然科学基金项目(51861033); 新疆大学横向合作项目(XJXS-YJY-HX202401); 新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2023B01002)资助
2026-05-15
2026-05-15